Подготовка к распаковке …/gitlab-ce_18.10.1-ce.0_amd64.deb …
gitlab preinstall: It seems you are upgrading from 18.5 to 18.10.
gitlab preinstall: It is required to upgrade to the latest 18.8.x version first before proceeding.
gitlab preinstall: Please follow the upgrade documentation at https://docs.gitlab.com/ee/update/index.html#upgrade-paths
dpkg: ошибка при обработке архива /var/cache/apt/archives/gitlab-ce_18.10.1-ce.0_amd64

Для решения необходимо обновить промежуточные версии